Merge Intervals
TIME: O(n log n)
SPACE: O(n)
Problem Statement
Given an array of intervals where intervals[i] = [starti, endi], merge all overlapping intervals, and return an array of the non-overlapping intervals that cover all the intervals in the input.
Real Engineering Applications
In production systems, this concept directly maps to caching index layers, route lookups optimizations, compiler scope parsing validations, and multi-thread dependency schedulers.
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