Best Time to Buy Stock
TIME: O(n)
SPACE: O(1)
Problem Statement
You are given an array prices where prices[i] is the price of a given stock on the ith day. You want to maximize your profit by choosing a single day to buy one stock and choosing a different day in the future to sell that stock. Return the maximum profit you can achieve. If you cannot achieve any profit, return 0.
Real Engineering Applications
In production systems, this concept directly maps to caching index layers, route lookups optimizations, compiler scope parsing validations, and multi-thread dependency schedulers.
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